46 years since the passing of King Peter II commemorated at Oplenac
03/11/2016
On the occasion of the 46th anniversary of the passing of HM King Peter II, a memorial service for the late King was held at the Royal Family Mausoleum of St. George in Oplenac, wreaths were laid at his tomb. On behalf of HRH Crown Prince Alexander a wreath was laid by Mr. Predrag Markovic, member of the Crown Council and Mr. Zoran Zivanovic, member of the Crown Cabinet.
King Peter II of Yugoslavia was born in Belgrade 6 September 1923 as the first born son of King Alexander I and Queen Maria of Yugoslavia. His Godparents were King George VI and Queen Elizabeth (later Queen Mother of Great Britain). His education commenced at The Royal Palace Belgrade he then went to Sandroyd School in England, he left after his father’s assassination in 1934. Since King Peter II was 11 years old and underage at the time of his father’s assassination, a regency was formed consisting of three regents including his great uncle Prince Paul Karadjordjevic.
The Second World War forced King Peter II to leave the country along with the Yugoslav Government – initially to Greece, Palestine and then to Egypt. King Peter II then joined other monarchs and leaders of German occupied Europe in London in June 1941. There King Peter was regarded by the people of Yugoslavia as the symbol of resistance against Nazism. King Peter II completed his education at Cambridge University and joined the Royal Air Force.
King Peter II never abdicated. Initially King Peter II lived in exile in London with his wife Princess Alexandra of Greece and Denmark and their son Crown Prince Alexander who was born in 1945. He spent the last years of his life in America. After a long and grave illness, King Peter II died 3 November 1970 in Denver Hospital Colorado, and he was buried at the St. Sava Monastery Church in Libertyville Illinois. He was the only king buried in the United States. The King’s remains were transferred to the Royal Family Mausoleum of St. George in Oplenac 26 May 2013 when a State Funeral took place.
Vecernje Novosti: KING PETER DID NOT STEAL SERBIAN GOLD
04/11/2016
BOOK BY DUSAN BABAC AND ALEKSANDAR OGNJEVIC SHEDS NEW LIGHT ON SECRETS OF ROYAL TREASURE DISAPPEARANCE IN 1941
In April 1941 King Peter II Karadjordjevic fled the country and took with him the national gold – has been one of the most frequently used arguments against the royal family for the past 75 years. Starting from this claim, used for decades in post-communist historiography, Dusan Babac and Aleksandar Ognjevic wrote a book “Secrets of the Royal Treasures” in which they unmasked this decades-old myth and revealed that the fate of the gold and royal treasures were completely different.
After several years of research of domestic and foreign archives, the authors found out just how much gold the king and the government took in the evacuation, what was the fate of the treasures hidden in the monastery of Ostrog, what was the role of Germans, Italians, Americans, OZNA and UDBA in the dissemination of the treasure and what happened to the extremely valuable works of art and holy relics owned by the royal family.
- King Peter did not steal “the people’s” gold and did not live lavishly in exile. He had not exchanged one gram of gold! In the post-war years this story was systematically pushed by the opponents of monarchy and, like a mantra, transferred onto their descendants – says Dusan Babac.
- The Kingdom of Yugoslavia saw the beginning of the Second World War with stable reserves and just before the war planned how to keep the money and gold, and get them to safety. However, during the retreat towards Montenegro large emissions of banknotes had to be burned so that the money would not come into the hands of the occupiers. And it was a unique measure in the history of the monetary policy of a country.
The authors argue that everything that the king and other members of the royal family failed to take during the evacuation has been the subject of the occupiers’, and then organized state looting and pillage in the war and post-war years, to this day.
- The fact is that the members of the royal family were not particularly good keepers of their own heritage, so in the years of exile and destitution they were forced to sell almost everything they had – says Babac.
Between the covers of the book, “Secrets of the Royal Treasures” there is a much wider range of unknown data, which shed new light on historical events.
- Of the 204 crates of the National Bank branch office in Uzice gold, the Italians confiscated 179 with 8,393 kilograms of pure gold in April and May 1941 – says Babac.
- Of the remaining 25 crates, the Germans took four in the Ostrog monastery, eight was taken by the government, five by the General Headquarters, one was stolen, and five taken by OZNA after the war. After the Italian capitulation, the Germans seized the Yugoslav gold that was in Italy. In May 1945 American troops found it and confiscated it, but after the London Agreement returned it to Italy, and then all confiscated gold was returned to Yugoslavia on the basis of the Treaty of Peace.
After analysing the data which were obtained by the authors of the book, published by “Euro Book”, they claim that Yugoslavia after the war was returned the most gold, compared to all other European countries.
- Italy returned 8,393 kg, 2,172.87 kg was obtained from Germany, so the National Bank restituted 10,526.87 kilograms of monetary gold – say the authors.
- Not counting the gold from the London bank, about 11,000 kg, and what NBY sold for currency, about 20,000 kg, Yugoslavia had 41,666 kg of pure gold in the Federal Reserve in New York. But after the liberation, not all the gold was returned from New York.
The authors of “The Secret of the Royal Treasures”, reveal that the Americans conditioned the return of gold by paying compensation for the nationalized American property in Yugoslavia.
- Although socialist Yugoslavia reached agreements with many countries on compensation for nationalized property of their nationals in Yugoslavia, through many years of repayment instalments, the United States insisted on their enormous assessments of the nationalized estate of the Americans. It was many times larger than the socialist government assessment and amounted to 15,649.22 kilograms – explains Babac.
- The remaining 26 thousand kilograms was transported partly to Switzerland and partly to the NBY Treasury.
The governments in exile, led by General Simovic, Slobodan Jovanovic, Milos Trifunovic, Bozidar Puric and Ivan Subasic, according to the data acquired by Ognjevic and Babac, had spent about 28 million dollars. Of this money, during the war King Peter received an annual apanage of 30,000 pounds, Queen Maria 43,680, and Princes Tomislav and Andrej 12,000 pounds each.
- When monarchy was abolished in Yugoslavia, Peter II and the entire dynasty were deprived of all their rights. In the first years after the loss of the crown he lived off 40,000 pounds he received from his government and 30,000 of his savings. When these funds were exhausted in the early fifties, the king began to sell family treasures, some of which he brought out of the country – says Babac.
HRH Queen Maria with sons: Tomislav, Andrej and Peter